Curing flue-cured tobacco has two objectives: (a) to provide temperature and humidity conditions that will encourage certain desirable chemical and biological changes to take place, and (b) to preserve the leaf by timely drying to retain quality.

Tobacco farmers have two market options(a) a farmer can access inputs fertizers and coal from a contractor e.g Heritage tobacco. Contracted farmer will inturn deliver all the tobacco to the contractor thus contract farming.
(b) a farmer can use own funds to grow his/her tobacco and will sell to any Auction floors.

a) Cutworm these are soft bodied black/grey to brown worms. They are either found in seedbeds or land, they affect seedlings or youn transplants.
b) Budworms they are usually greenish in color, they feed tobacco tender leaves and at a later stage they produce irregular holes.
c) Aphids they build up to large colonies and transmit diseases during their sap sucking activity.

Angular leaf spot this disease is characterised by irregular brown necrotic lessions that enlarge to form large arease of dead tissues